CentOS7安装与配置MySQL

安装 rpm 版本的 mysql

安装源

# 卸载旧版
rpm -qa | grep mysql
sudo rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch

# 安装5.7新版
wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
sudo rpm -Uvh mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
# 导入key
sudo rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022

安装 mysql

sudo dnf install -y mysql-community-server

启动 MySQL

systemctl start mysqld.service

检测是否启动成功

systemctl status mysqld.service

获取临时密码，MySQL5.7 为 root 用户随机生成了一个密码

sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log 

因为 MySQL 的密码规则需要很复杂，我们一般自己设置的不会设置成这样，所以我们全局修改一下

mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;

修改 root 密码

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root';

授权其他机器登录

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

创建 MySQL 用户并允许远程访问

CREATE USER 'terwer'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'terwer'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
flush privileges;

重启 mysql

service mysqld restart

关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld;
systemctl stop iptables;

开启开机自启动

systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl daemon-reload

设置 MySQL 的字符集为 UTF-8，令其支持中文

vim /etc/my.cnf

改成下面的样子，然后保存

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
 
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
 
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
default-storage-engine=INNODB
character_set_server=utf8
 
symbolic-links=0
 
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

重启 service mysqld restart

防火墙开放 3306 端口

firewall-cmd --state
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

卸载 MySQL

rpm -qa | grep mysql

yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch

数据库此操作

1. 查看 mysql 是否启动：service mysqld status

启动 mysql：service mysqld start

停止 mysql：service mysqld stop

重启 mysql：service mysqld restart

2. 查看临时密码：grep password /var/log/mysqld.log

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